Disasters have plagued Kenya as a result of climate change in the recent past hence strengthening of the space services through the space Bill is instrumental in the precision of early preparedness. Floods and prolonged droughts have caused massive loss of life and property in the past two years.
Kenya established the Kenya Space Agency as a State Corporation under the Kenya Space Agency Order of 2017 on 7th March 2017 and on 15 April 2023 – Taifa-1, Kenya’s first operational earth observation satellite, was launched into space aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, US. The satellite, developed by 9 Kenyan Engineers collects agricultural and environmental data, including on floods, drought, and wildfires, for disasters and to combat food insecurity.
Today the Kenya Space Agency has called for the public to participate in giving their views on The Draft Kenya Space Bill 2024. This legislative proposal intends to establish a legal and regulatory framework for space activities in Kenya. Here are some major clauses typically highlighted in such a bill:
1. Establishment of the Kenya Space Agency (KSA)
– Mandate: The Bill officially establishes the Kenya Space Agency as the primary body responsible for overseeing and regulating space activities within the country.
– Functions: The KSA is tasked with promoting space science, research, and innovation, as well as coordinating space-related activities at the national level.
– Powers: The Agency is granted powers to issue licenses, enforce compliance, and manage the country’s space assets.
2. Licensing and Authorization of Space Activities
– Licensing Requirements: Any individual or organization wishing to engage in space-related activities must obtain a license from the Kenya Space Agency.
– Application Process: The Bill outlines the procedure for applying for a license, including the required documentation, fees, and the criteria for approval.
– Penalties: Strict penalties are provided for unauthorized space activities, including fines and imprisonment.
3. Regulation of Space Objects and Satellite Operations
– Registration: All space objects launched or operated from Kenya must be registered with the Kenya Space Agency.
– Safety and Environmental Standards: The Bill imposes obligations on operators to adhere to safety, security, and environmental protection standards during the construction, launch, and operation of space objects.
– Debris Mitigation: Operators are required to implement measures to minimize space debris and ensure the safe disposal of defunct satellites.
4. International Cooperation and Compliance
– International Obligations: The Bill ensures that Kenya’s space activities comply with international treaties and conventions, including the Outer Space Treaty.
– Partnerships: The KSA is empowered to enter into agreements with foreign space agencies, organizations, and companies to promote international collaboration.
5. Space Research and Development
– Promotion of Space Science: The Bill mandates the KSA to promote and support research and development in space science, technology, and applications.
– Innovation and Capacity Building: Provisions are included to encourage innovation, training, and capacity-building programs to develop local expertise in space-related fields.
6. Funding and Resources
– Budget Allocation: The Bill provides for the allocation of funds to the Kenya Space Agency through the national budget.
– Funding Mechanisms: It also outlines alternative funding mechanisms, including grants, partnerships, and international assistance.
7. Liability and Insurance
– Liability for Damages: The Bill establishes the liability of operators for damages caused by their space activities, including harm to other space objects, individuals, or property.
– Insurance Requirements: Operators are required to obtain insurance to cover potential liabilities arising from their space activities.
8. Data and Information Management
– Data Sharing: The Bill mandates the sharing of data and information related to space activities with relevant government agencies and the public.
– Confidentiality: Provisions are included to protect sensitive and proprietary information while ensuring transparency.
9. Space Security
– National Security Considerations: The Bill includes provisions for ensuring that space activities do not compromise national security.
– Military Use: Specific regulations are outlined for the use of space technology for defense and military purposes.
10. Dispute Resolution
– Dispute Mechanism: The Bill provides a framework for resolving disputes related to space activities, including arbitration and mediation.
These clauses are meant to ensure that Kenya’s space activities are safe, secure, and beneficial to the country while aligning with international standards and promoting innovation and development.
